In the present book we aimed to present the main advancements regarding the use of tDCS in neuropsychiatric disorders. The book is divided into three parts. The first part discusses the mechanisms of action of tDCS under different perspectives, which encompass neurophysiological, neuroimaging and neuropsychological studies as well as animal studies and computer-based models. In the second part, state-or-the-art evidence of tDCS use in several neurological and psychiatric disorders is presented. The third and last part of the book discusses different possibilities of the clinical and research use of tDCS, including safety, ethical and regulatory aspects.