As we witness the continuing growth in organic food production and markets around the world, we join with many others in our concern that “organic has lost its way” or, lost sight of its first or fundamental philosophical principles and assumptions. The discussions that led to this volume started in June 2007 during a short visit by Jim Bingen to the Division of Organic Agriculture, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Vienna, Austria in order to explore of teaching and research exchanges between Michigan State University and BOKU under the auspices of ELLS-NA.1 Based on shared concerns discussed during this visit, we organized an open roundtable to explore these concerns with other researchers at the Second Scientific Conference of ISOFAR2 in Modena, Italy from 18 to 20 June 2008. At this meeting, Bernhard Freyer invited Jim Bingen to apply for a Fulbright Distinguished Chair position at BOKU. During this incredibly rich and stimulating 4-months (October 2009–January 2010), we jointly offered a seminar on Organic Agriculture, Politics and Society, co-advised students, and prepared several confer- ence presentations that explored trans-disciplinary approaches to organic issues.