The growing ecosystem degradation around the world is affecting the vast population especially the poor in developing countries who often depend solely on ecosystem services. Water is one of the most fundamental natural resources and is vital to the survival of all living organisms and smooth functioning of ecosystem and society. Decades of rapid industrialization, urbanization, and agricultural development have resulted in lifestyles that increase the demands on water resources along with dramatic increases in water pollution levels. Polluting wastewater from industrial discharges is one of the main causes of ecosystem degradation. Apart from industrial wastewater, agrochemicals, fertilizers, organic manure, and nutrient solution pollute water significantly when they enter into the water through rains. Water pollution is one of the main reasons behind a decline in freshwater reserves. Polluted water has adverse effects on both environment and health. Water pollution has been increasing in alarming proportions over time, and this needs immediate attention and calls for appropriate measures.