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The main focus of Part I is on the analysis of the ‘underdevelopment of agriculture’ in Korea. I take the position that the development process in Korea created a hierarchical configuration among
different sectors of the economy in which agriculture is subordinated. The position of a national political economy within the world
economic system has a very significant influence over the sectoral
configuration in the domestic economy. The political economy of
South Korea, especially its sectoral configuration, has been established in direct correspondence to changes in the global economy,
within which subsistence agricultural production became subservient to export-oriented manufacturing industry. Social relations,
including gender relations, are conditioned by this economic
configuration.
The overarching unit of analysis here is the world economic system,
which shapes the character and structure of the regional political
economy – for example, the Northeast Asian regional political
economy. The national social formation is conditioned by the context
of the regional political economy and the world economic system.
In other words, the ways in which the individual state is inserted
into the world economic system has significant influence on the
range of development policy choice and therefore upon social
relations at the national level. Thus, in this book, the economic
development of Korea is not regarded as being structurally independent of the world economic system, but rather as being a ‘dependent’ part of the development process of the global political
economy. This includes the distinctive regional political economy
geared to export to world markets, and formed under the auspices
of American and Japanese capitalist leadership. |
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