Sustainable groundwater development is a key environmental and social issue for the future. Whereas in the past the management of ground- water resources was based predominantly on the concept of the available renewable resource, today it is necessary to consider protection of springs, river flows and water levels dependent on groundwater discharges, while concurrently maintaining abstractions for water supply and economic benefit. Obtaining this balance be- tween human and environmental needs, and protecting valuable groundwater resources from over-exploitation and pollution, presents a challenge to hydrogeologists that is reflected in the papers contained in this volume. Following an introductory chapter that pro- vides a discussion and definition of sustainable groundwater development, the remainder of the book comprises 23 papers organized into four sections: (1) approaches to groundwater resources management; (2) assessment and measurement of the impacts of groundwater abstraction on river flows; (3) risk assessment methodologies for developing and protecting groundwater resources; and (4) response of aquifers to future climate change.