The aim of this book is to provide the reader with an understanding of the analysis and design aspects of water distribution system. The book covers the topics related to the analysis and design of water supply systems with application to sediment-transporting pipelines. It includes the pipe flow principles and their application in analysis of water supply systems. The general principles of water distribution system design have been covered to highlight the cost aspects and the parameters required for design of a water distribution system. The other topics covered in the book relate to optimal sizing of water-supply gravity and pumping systems, reorganization and decomposition of water supply systems, and transportation of solids as sediments through pipelines. Computer programs with development details and line by line explanations have been included to help readers to develop skills in writing programs for water distribution network analysis. The application of linear and geometric programming techniques in water distribution network optimization have also been described. Most of the designs are provided in a closed form that can be directly adopted by design engineers. A large part of the book covers numerical examples. In these examples, computations are laborious and time consuming. Experience has shown that the complete mastery of the project cannot be attained without familiarizing oneself thoroughly with numerical procedures. For this reason, it is better not to consider numerical examples as mere illustration but rather as an integral part of the general presentation. The book is structured in such a way to enable an engineer to design functionally efficient and least-cost systems. It is also intended to aid students, professional engineers, and researchers. Any suggestions for improvement of the book will be gratefully received.