The rates of climate and environmental change in the Arctic region greatly exceed global averages and are accelerating in response to biophysical feedbacks connected with human economic activities. How can societies address the complexities of resource development in the Arctic and also create more effective governance sys- tems that promote social justice and the rights of indigenous peoples? This important volume, the outcome of a conference on Arctic Marine Resource Governance in Reykjavik, Iceland, in October 2015, addresses opportunities for implementation of creative resource management systems and new institutional arrangements and technology for sustainable development.