The book is composed of six chapters, each addressing one of the above topics. Each chapter can be read as a stand-alone text, without the necessity of consulting other chapters for information. However, the entire book is an integrated text with respect to giving an in-depth analysis of well-being—at the city level—from different perspectives. Chapter 1 explores the history of cities, the spatial distribution of cities around the world, their internal structure and optimal size. The aim of the chapter is to convince the reader about the importance of studying citizens’ well-being in a world where the proportion of population living in urban areas is dramatically rising. Well-being should be understood not only as urban quality of life, but also in subjective terms and in a dynamic perspective that takes into account current and future resources. Chapter 2 presents the hedonic approach,perhaps the most common framework used by urban economists to measure urban quality of life. The chapter presents a wide range of extensions of the standard approach, both on methodological and empirical grounds. In particular, the chapter is innovative in extending the traditional methodology by proposing a new measure of quality of life, where infra-marginal units of amenities are assessed through the willingness to pay for non-marginal quantities of amenities. Some specific issues, such as the relationship between city size, cost of living, wealth, and quality of life are also addressed.